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Brain-derived GLP-1 acts as a neurotransmitter and can target multiple GLP-1Rs throughout the central nervous systemCNS, including effects on satiety (6)

This analysis also indicated that sitagliptin was the only DPP-4 inhibitor that improved insulin resistance when used as monotherapy

However, a cohort study using TriNetX found that sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors also significantly decreased the risk of new glaucoma diagnosis compared with GLP-1 RAs (HR = .932)

However, it distinguishes itself by acting on two additional hormones: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which aids in blood sugar management, and glucagon, which can help suppress appetite and increase energy expenditure

doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1985.249.6.E603 177 HaunerHGlattingGKaminskaDPfeifferEF