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Regular NHS Diabetic Eye Screening (annual for all people with diabetes aged 12+) detects changes before symptoms develop

So is there an alternativeis it possible that eating certain foods can deliver similar benefits without the downsides

GLP-1s and Supplements An individual who is going through extreme nutrient deficiency due to a severely reduced diet may exhibit signs like: Extreme fatigue Excessive hair loss Skin flaking or itching Muscle weakness Poor wound healing Unusual bruising These symptoms of nutrient deficiency may serve as a reminder or warning to proactively manage what youre eating, so that your meals are nutritionally complete, even with a lower calorie intake

BBR has the capability of reducing the risk of cardiometabolic diseases while also enhancing cardiovascular health [27]

Abbreviations GLP-1 Glucagon-like peptide-1 DPP-4 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 NEPs Neutral endopeptidases GLP-1RAs GLP-1 receptor agonists GLP-1 Rs GLP-1 receptors T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus DR Diabetic retinopathy anti-VEGF Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor AMD Age-related macular degeneration GA Geographic atrophy CVOTs Cardiovascular outcome trials BRB Blood-retinal barrier cAMP Cyclic adenosine monophosphate BBB Blood-brain barrier AD Alzheimers disease CVOs Circumventricular organs RPE Retinal pigment epithelial GPCRs G protein-coupled receptors GCL Ganglion cell layer GK Goto-Kakizaki E4 Exendin-4 ONL Outer nuclear layer TXNIP Thioredoxin-interacting protein INL Inner nuclear layer NFL Nerve fiber layer STZ Streptozotocin GLAST Glutamate-aspartate transporter nAMD Neovascular age-related macular degeneration PLGF Placental growth factor ICAM-1 Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 FFAs Free fatty acids LDs Lipid droplets EMT Epithelial-mesenchymal transition AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase ROS Reactive oxygen species MMP Mitochondrial membrane potential DAM Disease-associated microglial HbA1c Glycated hemoglobin CNS Central nervous system RGC Retinal ganglion cell POAG Primary open-angle glaucoma IOP Intraocular pressure RCTs Randomized controlled trials BMI Body mass index NAION Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy DED Dry Eye Disease DDES Diabetic dry eye syndrome Author contributions Conceptualization, Yu Luo