US$ 26.43
cigarette dependence Nicotine dependence: Symptoms, causes, and treatment Cigarette dependence is more prevalent
Description
This is an observational study, and as such, no firm conclusions can be drawn about cause and effect, added to which the data before pregnancy didnt differentiate between those who smoked at any point in the preceding 3 months and those who smoked throughout, acknowledge the researchers

Quitting smoking can reduce the harm to health

Available at: Accessed May 9, 2023

Frequently Asked Questions Who lists carcinogens

PMC 8428454
