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Initially marketed as safer alternatives to traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes are now the most prevalent nicotine products among youth

Comparatively, when tobacco products are sniffed or chewed, nicotine is instead absorbed through the mucous membranes of the nose or mouth

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To that purpose, a widely used method is the measurement of the deposited mass with the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), which is placed inside a cell exposure chamber at the cellaerosol interface