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Das ausreichende Vorhandensein unterschiedlicher Antioxidantien (wie z

In fact, preclinical research demonstrates that repeated exposure to several addictive substances evokes a drop in basal concentrations of extracellular glutamate [3,4,5]

[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 74.Zhou X., He L., Wu C., Zhang Y., Wu X., Yin Y

One of the main molecular pathologic mechanisms in this setting is represented by -synuclein aggregation in mitochondria, which leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces activation of p38 MAPK, a MAP-kinase that triggers the phosphorylation of Drp1 (dynamin-related protein-1), which eventually leads to mitochondrial fission (Filichia et al., 2016)

The key comparison was between the KC group (KD with biotin) and the KBD group (KD without biotin), which allowed the researchers to assess whether KD alone increases biotin requirements or accelerates the development of biotin deficiency